Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) in China: Wastewater Sources and Treatment Methods
نویسندگان
چکیده
China is one of the largest producers and users of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in the world. This has led to ubiquitous environmental occurrence of the main BFRs commercially available in China, namely polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs), and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). Wastewater from BFR manufacturing, manufacturing of BFR-based products, and e-waste recycling processes is an important contributor to BFR pollution. While conventional wastewater treatment methods may reduce BFRs in wastewater streams, treatment limitations and sludge disposal remain important concerns. Specialized treatment methods for BFR removal from wastewater should be used where influent BFR concentrations are high, particularly in waste streams originating from the main BFR emission sources in China.
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